固件FAQ/zh cn

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[edit] 安装之前

[edit] 我的路由器的支持与否?

我们刚刚在Wiki页面为您。 支持的设备

[edit] 请问我的路由器支持 Eko NEWD-2 Builds?

NEWD-2是一个含支持单/双WAN口的无线驱动程序的(类似WRT610N)版本。

当心NEWD2版本...它需要一些砖头(开玩笑~~) 用JTAG恢复


维基页面兼容模式

[edit] 我有一个Linksys的WRT54G v5或v6路由器。

我们刚刚在Wiki页面为您。版本信息

[edit] 我有一个Linksys WRT54GS v7路由器。

The WRT54GS v7 is now fully supported, but requires again a special flashing way, which is easier this time compared to the v5 and v6 vxworks killer.

刷的详细说明:读sigmaxix写的贴

[edit] 我有一个Linksys WRT54GS v8路由器。

The WRT54G v8 is now fully supported, but requires again a special flashing way, which is easier this time compared to the v5 and v6 vxworks killer.

一旦被执行,DD-WRT固件上的“升级固件”选项目前可用于以后的版本(除非特别注明)。

v8.1 似乎是一个特例。 见 this thread.

[edit] 我应该买哪个路由器?

In short, the

  • Buffalo WHR-G125 is the cheapest 100% compatible wireless router. The antenna is not detachable on this router. For more information see 支持的设备.


Here are some other good choices:

  • Linksys WRT54GL Both versions are fully supported.
  • Linksys WRT54G or WRT54GS Version 4 or lower are fine but anything newer than that is not recommended. Any version above 4.0 does not have enough memory to support the full versions of DD.WRT firmware
  • Buffalo WHR-HP-G54 It has better range than the Linksys routers due to a built in amplifier.
  • Asus WL-500G It has USB ports that can be used for network attached storage (NAS) or a USB printer.
  • Asus WL-520GU Has a single USB port that can be used for network attached storage or printer.
  • Linksys WRT350N and WRT600N Both of these routers support the 802.11N standard and have gigabit switches. They can run dd-wrt mega and have USB. Use these routers if you need the increased speed throughout your network.

As of November, 2007, Buffalo is not shipping 802.11a/b/g devices in the United States (legal problem). [1]
As of December, 2008, Buffalo is again shipping 802.11 devices to the US [2]

[edit] Where do I download firmware?

http://www.dd-wrt.com/dd-wrtv3/dd-wrt/downloads.html

See What is DD-WRT?#File Versions to know which image to download.

[edit] What's the difference between generic, mini, micro DD-WRT versions?

See Version Features.

[edit] Which V24 build do I flash onto my router?

See What is DD-WRT?#Which V24 build do I flash onto my Broadcom router

[edit] How do I access the router's settings?

If you have DD-WRT installed, your router's settings should be accessible by opening a web browser and typing http://192.168.1.1/ in the address bar.
If you have changed the LAN IP address on the router, you'll need to type in the correct one instead.
If your router doesn't have DD-WRT installed yet, try http://192.168.1.1/ or http://192.168.0.1/ or else consult the manufacturer's documentation.

If you are running Windows, can connect to the router, and the DHCP service is assigning an IP address, the default gateway will be normally be the address you need. Type IPCONFIG at a command prompt. It will be listed under the active network connection. You should find it on the fifth line!

You can also attempt to obtain your router IP. Whether you have DD-WRT installed or not, make sure your comp. The default login/password is root/admin.

After factory defaults init (push down reset button at least 20) try to access it by inputting the following command in command prompt:

telnet 192.168.1.1

[edit] During install/upgrade

[edit] How do I install DD-WRT firmware?

Make sure you have a compatible router. Make sure you follow all the instructions, especially the part about resetting your router before flashing and in between each additional flash. See Installation.

[edit] How do I upgrade DD-WRT to a newer release?

See Upgrading to a Newer Version of DD-WRT.

It's always recommended that you reset to default settings before and after the flash. Then you should do your settings manualy, not with the config backup file! The backup file is only for restoring the settings for the same dd-wrt build.

[edit] How can I tell if my router is truly bricked?

Since this question involves many variables, we do not have an article for it yet. See Hard reset or 30/30/30 and Reset And Reboot.

If the power light flashes on and off, then the firmware is messed up, but the router should be recoverable. The CPU must be running in order for the power light to be flashing, which tells you the hardware is probably not toasted yet. To test this, give your computer a static IP address of 192.168.1.x where x is between 2 and 254. Set the subnet mask to 255.255.255.0. Then ping 192.168.1.1. If you get replies, then your router is not dead.

It may also be possible that your router has a different IP address. If you do not know the address, you can attempt to obtain the router IP. Also, try pinging the router while it is booting. If you're able to get a reply for a short time, you should be able to reflash the firmware while the router is booting.

[edit] I think I've bricked my router!

There are a lot of variables in answering this question and we don't have articles to cover all the different situations. But, for now, search the wiki and the forums for more information, just to verify that it's truly bricked. See Recovering from a bad flash.

[edit] Why has http stopped working on my router after flashing DD-WRT?

Verify that the computer is on the same subnet as the router. The router's IP address is probably 192.168.1.1. Verify that the computer is set to dynamically receive its address if it's not statically set to 192.168.1.x. If your computer's IP address is 192.168.0.50, you may not be able to access the interface.

[edit] What Are Firmware or Factory Defaults?

DD-WRT firmware default settings (sometimes called factory defaults) are stored in NVRAM. For more information, see Factory Defaults.

[edit] How do I upgrade my firmware with TFTP?

Flashing with TFTP must not be seen as the standard procedure for flashing: only use it when specifically told to do so (for example in the specific instructions for flashing your brand or type of device). Normally, the GUI flashing method should be used; this should be adequate for standard situations. See Installation.

[edit] Debricking for Asus WL-xxx

Debricking Asus WL-xxx after unsuccesfull DD-WRT flash or Corrupted NVRAM.

This guide applies ONLY when WL-xxx does NOT respond to the normal ASUS firmware restoration tool! (See your Driver CD for the utility)


IMPORTANT


Read this first! How To: Erasing the effects of pin 9 short


Step 1: Download this file pack which includes the necessary tools for the recovery process and unrar it. This restoration firmware was made by OLEG from http://www.wl500g.info.

Step 2: Download latest firmware from asus.com, rename it rom.trx

Step 3: Open your router by taking off the rubber nobs on the bottom, then unscrew the 4 screws.

Step 4: Configure your NIC with the IP 192.168.1.2 make sure that it is in 10MB half duplex mode!

Step 5: Look for a small chip called 29lv320 and short PIN 10 with the golden wireless plug using a paperclip. The router will show the powerlight blinking and one of your LAN interfaces should come active. Sometimes shorting PIN 9 and 10 at the same time helps..

Step 6: Ping 192.168.1.1 If no response go to step 5 and try again.

Step 7: Open the commandshell of windows and type: tftp -i 192.168.1.1 PUT nvram.trx, and wait 5 min. Reboot your router and do step 5 again.

Step 8: Open command shell and type: tftp -i 192.168.1.1 PUT rom.trx, and wait 5 min. Reboot your router, it should show you Power, Air and connected LAN interface.

Step 9: Praise the lord, and pass the ammunition. You just did an emergency flash recovery of your WL-500G Deluxe.

(Guide by Thomas Motshagen)

[edit] After install

[edit] What's the default username and password?

Starting with v23 SP1, the default username is root and the default password is admin. You can use http, telnet or ssh (if enabled) to log in. If this doesn't work, you didn't follow proper installation or upgrade procedure...both of which should include doing a hard reset before and after flash!

Keep in mind, versions post-v24 SP1 now require you to change the password on first boot.

[edit] Why does my router hang when using P2P applications? (BitTorrent, eMule,...)

You probably need a little tuning. We have a page in the Wiki just for you: Router Slowdown

[edit] Why can't I obtain an IP address from the WAN side via DHCP?

  • If you have just updated the firmware, you probably need to reset the router. The router is reading the old settings, and getting hung-up (stuck). See Hard reset or 30/30/30 and Reset And Reboot.
  • Unplug the power from both the router and the cable modem. Plug back in the cable modem first and wait until it is online. Then plug in your router. Does this help?
  • If not: Clone the MAC address from the old router/computer. Some ISPs have a MAC address registered for service on their end. Since these ISPs usually assign only one dynamic address at a time, you may need to release the IP assigned to the old router/computer to allow the DD-WRT router to get a new one.
    • Now you may have an option to click the DHCP Release button and then turn off the MAC cloning.
  • (v23sp1 after upgrade from stock Linksys WRT54G v1.1)

[edit] Why can't I access the web configuration for my router?

If you've read the previous question and it didn't help, then your router's HTTP Daemon might not be running. See Web Interface#Regaining Access. Another problem that currently causes this is incorrect HTTP Redirector settings, found at "Administration" > "Hotspot". By default the HTTP Redirector is disabled. If you enabled the HTTP Redirector and you suspect you might have created a problem, see the fix on this page: HTTPRedirect

[edit] Why do I only get blank pages when I try to change a setting in the web interface and hit apply?

  • If you have just updated the firmware, you probably need to reset the router! See Hard reset or 30/30/30 and Reset And Reboot.
  • Sometimes the address bar shows http://routerip/apply.cgi, and no content displays. Simply wait a few seconds for the router to make the change take, and go back to the page you were on with by using browser history. Some changes also requiring waiting for several seconds while the router implements them.
  • Clear out your web browser's cache and/or try another browser.
  • This is really odd, but try turning off your firewall temporarily while you're updating the pages. A friend of mine and I were experiencing this and we disabled Symantec Firewall temporarily and it allowed us to complete the configuration. I've also seen document on the web where others have had this problem with ZoneAlarm. I'm not sure of the mechanism where the firewall is interfering with the web page content, but somehow it is.
  • This could also be a result of incompatibilities with Firefox. Try switching to using alternative browser (i. e. Internet Explorer or Konqueror) for the WebUI Management.
  • If you're on a Mac, try getting Chromium (i.e. Google Chrome for Mac). Safari and FireFox may not work at times, however Chromium worked for all my needs (including reliable firmware upgrade via web interface).

[edit] Why can't I save any changes after flashing to DD-WRT?

There are multiple possibilities here.

  • If you have just updated the firmware, you probably need to reset the router! See previous question. See Hard reset or 30/30/30 and Reset And Reboot.
  • Clear out your web browser's cache and/or try another browser. (Firefox does not work try IE)
  • If you're on a Mac, try getting Chromium (i.e. Google Chrome for Mac). Safari and FireFox may not work at times, however Chromium worked for all my needs (including reliable firmware upgrade via web interface).

[edit] How do I clear the NVRAM? Reset to factory/firmware defaults? Cold reboot?

See: Hard reset or 30/30/30 and Reset And Reboot.

[edit] After upgrading to DD-WRT, my Internet doesn't work anymore!

  1. First, you may need to release and renew your computer's IP assignment. For XP users, simply right-click your network connection and choose Repair.
  2. Then, most typically you are a DSL user, and need to go to http://192.168.1.1 (your router's network address), choose PPPoE and put in your login and password for your DSL account, and click Apply at the bottom. The DD-WRT firmware, by default, tries to acquire network information and a public IP (via DHCP protocol) over the router's WAN port; this primarily works with Cable Modem users. If you are a Cable Modem user, step one should be enough.

[edit] Help! My Internet still does not work!

A problem for which there is no single common fix. Understanding some basics about networking, subnets, NAT, etc. would be in your best interest to troubleshoot this issue. You may need to call your Internet Service Provider (ISP) for settings that are particular to your connection. Some ISPs not using PPPoE expect the MAC address (hardware address) of to router to match that of your computer, especially when you used your computer without the router to setup everything initially. You may need to use the "Clone MAC Address" feature. If using PPPoE, make sure you use the correct username and password. For cable and satellite users, generally DHCP is the correct setting. For Comcast Cable users, be sure to disable STP. For users trying to share a dial-up connection, you'll need to read the Wiki article Sharing Dialup. At any rate, it's a near 99% chance that the problem is not your DD-WRT firmware, but instead a lack of understanding with networking.

[edit] Why aren't DHCP served IP addresses on LAN sequential (100, 101, ...)?

This is normal. DD-WRT uses DNSMasq and does not give sequentially ordered IP addresses. The addresses are calculated based on your computer's MAC address and "a variable". It's just a little different from the way the original Linksys firmware worked. You can disable this behavior by disabling "Use DNSMasq for DHCP" in the Basic Setup page (although it is not recommended, as you would need to change also your DNS address). For those who want the details about DHCP variable, it's calculated using something like [lease_start + [[mac_hash + variable] % lease_max]]. The "variable" changes whenever DNSMasq sees a conflict.

[edit] Why is there no jffs-space left? Why can't I write to directories other than /tmp?

  • Usually the generic/standard dd-wrt takes up almost 100% of the 4 megabytes of flash space.

[edit] Why are LAN computers not shown in the local DHCP table, but are able to use network?

The lease table is cleared when the router is upgraded, unplugged, rebooted, and in situations where a config change requires a reboot. If your computer is already connected when this happens, it will remain connected but will not be in the lease table until the next time it tries to renew. You can disable this by enabling "Use NVRAM for client lease DB" on the Services page. This will store the lease database in the NVRAM.

[edit] What to do if you forget the password and you have SSH access to the router (using ssh pub key)?

You can clear the password in NVRAM by executing the following commands:

nvram set http_passwd=
nvram commit

After that you will be able to access the Web interface of your router without using a password. Don't forget to set a new password!

[edit] Why did the router reset its parameters to default values?

This problem affects Broadcom routers like Linksys WRT54Gx, Buffalo WHR-G54S, Asus WL-500 and others. After a power cycle suddenly your setup is gone and the router restarts in its default and unsafe state. This seems to be caused by a CFE bug, but it looks that other firmwares with the same CFE do not have this problem. To minimize the risk of incurring in a revert, check the power supply mains connection and the DC plug, the contacts should be absolutely reliable. If you can, use UPS. It's also possible to flash a customized firmware, which reloads parameters when needed. It can be found here. Remember: flash the new firmware only with jffs enabled (check if /jffs/tmp exists)

[edit] Why aren't there any man (help) pages for the busybox linux commands?

For example, when using Putty (ssh), "Why doesn't 'man syslogd' provide any output?" Or "Why doesn't 'syslogd --help' provide any output, and instead, goes back to the shell prompt?" DD-WRT uses BusyBox, a stripped-down version of linux for embedded devices. There is not enough space inside the typical 2 or 4 megabytes of flash-rom to store additional help files. Please see http://linux.die.net/man/1/busybox to get a complete list of supported commands and their switches inside the busybox shell.

[edit] Issues

This section is for posting devices that currently have issues with DD-WRT. Please dont make this into a forum topic. Post the device (make/model/number), DD-WRT version and build number, and the number given in the bug tracker report.

[edit] Airlink101 670W

[edit] Restore original firmware

Follow these steps to get back to Airlink's firmware if you're having issues or just aren't satisfied with DD-WRT:

  • Unplug everything from the router including the power except for your computer in one of the LAN ports
  • On your computer configure your adapter to use the IP address 192.168.1.11
  • While holding in the reset button in the back plug the power back in
  • The LAN lights in the front will do a little sweep from right to left, this signifies recovery mode
  • Navigate to 192.168.1.10 in your browser to access the recovery flash page
  • Select the original 1.00 firmware found here
  • After it's done flashing you've got the original firmware back
  • Finally, upgrade to the 1.01 firmware found on Airlink101's website

[edit] Asus WL-500W

IMPORTANT

Read this first! How To: Erasing the effects of pin 9 short

AND

Last-ditch debricking method for WL-500W/GP v2

Here is a Tool Pack which contains Oleg's original wl500-clear-nvram.trx and wl500-restore.trx utilities for restoring the NVRAM should it become corrupted.


Random bricks (most can be recovered using the Pin 9 method)

http://www.dd-wrt.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=38869&highlight=asus+wl500w

http://www.dd-wrt.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=47987&highlight=asus+wl500w

http://www.dd-wrt.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=48840&highlight=asus+wl500w

http://www.dd-wrt.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=48003&highlight=asus+wl500w

Here is a great site with pictures and even video of how to install a serial port on the WL500W:

http://www.abeghyan.com/2009/06/11/asus-wl-500w-serial-port-com/

[edit] 无线问题

[edit] I'm having lots of TX (transmit) errors.

Try setting the ACK Timing to 0. If you have the transmit power turned up higher than 84 mW, turn it down to 84 mW. Other things that may contribute to a lower error rate: set beacon interval lower than the default of 100 (75, for example), use a different channel (aka frequency) for wireless (so not to clash with other 2.4 GHz devices). Use a better antenna than the stock antenna your device comes with, this actually helps you more than increasing output power as this option increases both output and sensitivity at the same time.


SEE THIS Wireless Packet Info - RX/TX Errors

[edit] How high should I set the transmit power on my router?

Somewhere around 84 mW is considered to be the best setting for maximum power with minimum noise for most hardware. The Buffalo WHR-HP-G54 has a built-in amplifier. The amplifier is turned on by default; the radio power should not be set above 10mW (on v23SP2), or 70mW (on v24). The forums have had discussions about what power level is safe, with little consensus. Use common sense and don't set the power higher than you really need to. If you're trying to get more range, consider using a different antenna and make sure you have a clear line of sight, two of the most critical factors in your router's range.

From a network security standpoint, the transmitter power level should be just enough to cover the intended area reliably. Optimal power settings can be determined by trial-and-error.

[edit] How can I increase my wireless range?

Many factors affect your range. What method you use to extend your range will depend on whether you are trying to increase the range inside a building or outside. Read the next two FAQs below.

Consider getting a good antenna and try setting up your wireless devices with a clear line of sight. Best range is achieved by using one directional parabolic dish or Yagi antenna and then disabling the other antenna on your router. For a cheap easy antenna option, try www.freeantennas.com. This site details how to make a directional antenna from household items which can result in 10 db or more in gain. For situations where you need omnidirectional distance instead of directional linking, be sure to use a good omnidirectional antenna and mount it high enough to broadcast signal in the area of focus. This is often 20 to 50 feet high, depending on the rated signal downturn of the antenna. This means how steep of an a